VOICE COMMUNICATION (EC-501)

Basic Telephony : Introduction, standard telephone set, function, local loop, block diagram, basic call procedure, callprogress tones and signals, cordless telephones, caller identification, electronic telephones, telephone circuit - localsubscriber loop, channel noise and units of power measurements, transmission parameters, voice frequency circuitarrangements, crosstalk.

Public telephone network: Introduction, transmission system environment, public telephone network, instruments, local loops, trunk circuits, telephone exchanges - local exchanges, automated central office switches and exchanges,telephone numbering plan, telephone services, telephone switching hierarchy, common channel signaling systemevolutionof SS7, signaling points, call setup, Multiplexing of telephone channels - frequency division multiplexing,FDM hierarchy, composite base-band signals, formation of groups, super groups, master groups and radio channel,wavelength division multiplexing.

Traffic analysis: traffic characterization and measurement, arrival and holding time distributions, loss systems, lostcall estimation, network blocking probabilities

Digital telephony: Introduction, advantages and disadvantages of digital voice network, voice digitization, time division multiplexing of PCM signals, digital carrier, Super-frame TDM format, Fractional T Carrier Service, Digitalhierarchy, Master Group and Commercial TV, Picture Phone Terminal, Data Terminal, Digital Carrier Line Encoding,Duty Cycle,Bandwidth Requirement, Clock and Framing Bit Recovery, Error Detection, T Carrier System, T-CarrierSystem,Statistical TDM, Codec and Combo Chips.

Digital transmission: Introduction, digital data and digital signal, pulse transmission, inter-symbol, interference,synchronous and asynchronous transmission, line coding – level encoding, bipolar coding, Code Space redundancy,N zero substitution, Pair Selected ternary, Ternary coding, digital bi-phase, differential encoding, coded markinversion, multilevel signaling, partial response signaling, error performance, performance monitoring, time divisionmultiplexing - Bit vs Word Interleaving, framing, TDM loops and rings.

Digital switching: Switching function, space division switching, multistage switching, non-blocking switches, blockingprobabilities, four wire switches, switch matrix control, time division switching – analog and digital, two dimensionalswitching, multi stage time and space switching, STS and TST switching, digital cross connect systems, digital switching in analog environment.